 Ｈｏｌｍｅｓ（卡琳大人偶逛江湖）
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Something About ...
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04年07月14日14点11分 |
这是我去年为英语研读报告作业写的,虽是英文,也可以为一些同志提供参考.语法应该是没错误的,去年费了很大劲写的.:)
Something About Detective Stories
The Development
The detective stories had its beginning in 1841, as The Murders In the Rue Morgue, which first described detection, was published. It was written by an American writer Adgar Allan Poe.
Poe was known as “The Father of Mysteries”, but he was not really a writer of detective stories, as he himself said. He wrote them only for fun.
Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, who at first was an English doctor, made detective stories to the top by The Complete Sherlock Holmes. He based Sherlock Holmes on Doctor Joseph Bell, a surgeon and teacher he had studied with while attending Edinburgh University. He had written 4 detective novels and more than 50 short detective stories. His first story was A Study In Scarlet(1887). In Western countries, his works are called “The Conan”, which is considered the classic of all the mysteries.
By 1893, Doyle had been tired of Holmes and killed him off in The Final Problem. Nevertheless public demand and a lucrative income brought the return of Holmes. Doyle had performed a miracle in the history of literature. Even now, Doyle is no longer living, but Sherlock Holmes created by him is living on. Holmes now is even a member of the British Royal Chemistry Association for he was the first detective to detect by means of chemistry!
After Conan Doyle, in England, there came another great detective writer, Agatha Christie. But her works, not as common as Doyle’s, were for nobles only. However, her works were praised by the aristocrat. So she ultimately became the acknowledged Queen of Golden Age. Her first novel was The Mysterious Affair at Styles(1920). Among the most popular were The Murder of Roger Ackroyd(1926), The Murder on the Drient Express(1934) and Death on the Nile(1937).
Next, let us talk about Maurice Leblanc. Different from the other detective writers, Arsene Lupin by him was not a detective, but a gentleman-cambrioleur, who appeared for the first time in the crime story L’arreslation d’Arsene Lupin(1905). Someone commissioned Leblanc to write a story with Holmes or Raffles as hero type. Instead, Leblanc created a character which was the opposite of both of them. Frenchmen are always romantic!
Chen Xiaoqing was the first Chinese to write detective stories. He was also the first to put The Complete Sherlock Holmes into Chinese. The detective by him was Huo Sang, who was known to the public in 1919.
Nowadays, detective stories are being read widely. Mysteries are shining greatly now!
The Styles of Some Detective Writers
Poe’s works are pessimistic and bizarre.
Conan Doyle’s is “gentle”, and Sherlock Holmes always deduced the job of a client after careful observation. Here is a paragraph of his wonderful, minute description of deduction: “……For example, I began by stating that your brother was careless. When you observe the lower part of that watch-case you notice that it is not only dinted in two places but it is cut and marked all over from the habit of keeping other hard objects, such as coins or keys, in the same pocket. Surely it is no great feat to assume that a man who treats a fifty-guinea watch so cavalierly must be a careless man. Neither is it a very farfetched inference that a man who inherits one article of such value is pretty well provided for in other respects.” (The Sign of Four) Now, sometimes, his way to detect is adopted by policemen in different countries. Maybe because of the unfair law in England in his times, Holmes never reported him to the Scotland Yard if the criminal was just in some cases. In fact, Holmes himself had offended against the law, stealing once, breaking into a house with a gun , and hiding up criminals many times……
Agatha Christie often described her stories in a psychological way. She seldom used deduction. In her works, the criminal was always in a group of people. She usually led readers to the false answers, which you would find reasonable when the truth came out. But different from Holmes, Poirot by her was law-abiding. In her works, you could hardly see a criminal escape. But in PH Curtain:Poirot’s Last Case, Poirot became a murderer, as he had killed a high-IQ criminal without any testimony to accuse the criminal of crimes. Then Poirot killed himself as a murderer.
Christie’s novels are graceful and fine. Here you can enjoy a vivid description of some scenario in Death on the Nile: “Lord Windlesham sat under the cedar tree. His eyes rested on the graceful proportions of Wode Hall. There was nothing to mar its old-world beauty; the new buildings and additions were out of sight round the corner. It was a fair and peaceful sight bathed in the autumn sunshine.”
In large part of her works, you may have the feeling that Christie was good at making a psychological analysis. The following excerption is also for your enjoyment.
“Your own attitude, Madame. See you, this pursuit of you, you might take it in two ways. It might cause you annoyance — yes, or it might stir you pity — that your friend should have been so deeply hurt as to throw all regard for the conventions aside. But that is not the way you react. No, to you this persecution is intolerable — and why? It can be for one reason only — that you feel a sense of guilt.”
As for Leblanc, of course, his works are romantic, in which the hero Lupin, always fell in love. However, his works are not always logical.
Well, every writer has his own style!
The Detectives In Their Works
Dupin by Poe was a shy Frenchman. He liked doing nothing but just sit in an armchair, thinking for the whole afternoon until late into the night.
Sherlock Holmes was a gentleman, but incisive, ironical, and cold. He was tall and thin, with a hawk-like nose and sharp, piercing eyes. In height he was six feet. He smoked a lot, and sometimes even injected cocaine. On the other hand, he was good at playing the violin and boxing. His knowledge of chemistry was profound. He kept himself clean and tidy, but his room was at sixes and sevens. He had a good friend, Watson. They lived at 221B Baker Street in London. He never fell in love, and certainly he never married. Sherlock Holmes was really an unusual man.
Hercules Poirot, just the opposite of Holmes, was meticulous, a tidy little man, always neat and orderly, with a slight flavour of absurdity about him. He had green eyes (just like a cat), an egg-like head. He was a policeman in Belgium at first, and moved to England to be a detective. He often said: “Use your little grey cells.”
For Arsene Lupin, I have no more words to describe him than romantic! He was neither tall nor short, neither fat nor thin, with blonde hair. It is said that he was very handsome. Sometimes, he was head of the police, but sometimes, he was a thief!
So much for detectives. Reading detective stories is amazing! I suggest you start to read such a wonderful story at once, and you’ll surely appreciate it!
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