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主 题： 福尔摩斯语录（英文）：6.Detection（关于侦探学）（人气：1344）

陇首云（陇首云） 1 楼： 福尔摩斯语录（英文）：6.Detec... 02年04月26日16点39分 福尔摩斯语录（英文）：6.Detection（关于侦探学） 6.Detection（关于侦探学） Detection is, or ought to be, an exact science and should be treated in the same cold and unemotional manner. It is impossible as I state it, and therefore I must in some respect have stated it wrong. Eliminate all other factors, and the one which remains must be the truth. You may not be aware that the deduction of a man's age from his writing is one which has been brought to considerable accuracy by experts. In normal cases one can place a man in his true decade with tolerable confidence. There is nothing more stimulating than a case where everything goes against you. The world is full of obvious things which nobody by any chance ever observes. We approached the case, you remember, with an absolutely blank mind, which is always an advantage. We had formed no theories. We were simply there to observe and to draw inferences from our observations. You know my method. It is founded upon the observation of trifles. It is a capital mistake to theorize before one has data. Insensibly one begins to twist facts to suit theories, instead of theories to suit facts. How often have I said to you that when you have eliminated the impossible, whatever remains, however improbable, must be the truth? The most difficult crime to track is the one which is purposeless. When you have eliminated all which is impossible, then whatever remains, however improbable, must be the truth. We must fall back upon the old axiom that when all other contingencies fail, whatever remains, however improbable, must be the truth. In solving a problem of this sort, the grand thing is to be able to reason backwards. That is a very useful accomplishment, and a very easy one, but people do not practise it much. In the everyday affairs of life it is more useful to reason forward, and so the other comes to be neglected. There are fifty who can reason synthetically for one who can reason analytically. Improbable as it is, all other explanations are more improbable still. It is a capital mistake to theorize in advance of the facts. I should prefer that you do not mention my name at all in connection with the case, as I choose to be only associated with those crimes which present some difficulty in their solution. Have you tried to drive a harpoon through a body? No? Tut, tut, my dear sir, you must really pay attention to these details. One should always look for a possible alternative and provide against it. It is the first rule of criminal investigation. Here is my lens. You know my methods. One the contrary, Watson, you can see everything. You fail, however, to reason from what you see. You are too timid in drawing your inferences. Circumstantial evidence is a very tricky thing. It may seem to point very straight to one thing, but if you shift your own point of view a little, you may find it pointing in an equally uncompromising manner to something entirely different. There is nothing more deceptive than an obvious fact. There is no part of the body which varies so much as the human ear. There is nothing so unnatural as the commonplace. It has long been an axiom of mine that the little things are infinitely the most important. Never trust to general impressions, my boy, but concentrate yourself upon details. My first glance is always at a woman's sleeve. In a man, it is perhaps better to take the knee of the trouser. Crime is common. Logic is rare. Therefore it is upon the logic rather than upon the crime that you should dwell. What do the public, the great unobservant public, who could hardly tell a weaver by his tooth or a compositor by his left thumb, care about the finer shades of analysis and deduction! Always look at the hands first, Watson. Then cuffs, trouser-knees, and boots. There I was stretched, when you, my dear Watson, and all your following were investigating in the most sympathetic and inefficient manner the circumstances of my death. At last, when you had formed your inevitable and totally eroneous conclusions, you departed for the hotel, and I was left alone. It would be difficult to name any articles which afford a finer field for inference than a pair of glasses, especially so remarkable a pair as these. We balance probabilities and choose the most likely. It is the scientific use of the imagination. Circumstantial evidence is occassionally very convincing, as when you find a trout in the milk, to quote Thoreau's example. The more bizarre a thing is the less mysterious it proves to be. It is your commonplace, featureless crimes which are really puzzling, just as a commplace face is the most difficult to identify. It is true that though in your mission you have missed everything of importance, yet even those things which have obtruded themselves upon your notice give rise to serious thought. It is of the highest importance in the art of detection to be able to recognize out of a number of facts which are incidental and which vital. Otherwise your energy and attention must be dissipated instead of being concentrated. I never make exceptions. An exception disproves the rule. One true inference invariably suggests others. It is a mistake to confound strangeness with mystery. The most commonplace crime is often the most mysterious, because it presents no new or special features from which deductions may be drawn. When a fact appears to be opposed to a long train of deductions, it invariably proves to be capable of bearing some other interpretation. There are many ciphers which I would read as easily as I do the apocrypha of the agony column; such crude devices amuse the intelligence without fatiguing it. By a man's finger-nails, by his coat-sleeve, by his boots, by his trouser-knees, by the callosities of his forefinger and thumb, by his expression, by his shirt-cuff - By each of these things a man's calling is plainly revealed. That all united should fail to enlighten the competent inquirer in any case is almost inconceivable. There is nothing like first-hand evidence. There is no branch of detective science which is so important and so much neglected as the art of tracing footsteps. The faculty of deduction is certainly contagious. Any truth is better than indefinite doubt. I never guess. It is a shocking habit -- destructive to the logical faculty. You see, but you do not observe. 　　点击复制本贴地址： 欢迎光临下列版块： 看《福尔摩斯》：一切以福迷为中心。(在本站“主题版区”中),品《原创推理》，评《中国侦探》：发掘历史，体验发展。 ※来源: 【 推理之门 Tuili.Com 】.

hoon（CAH） 2 楼： Re:福尔摩斯语录（英文）：6.De... 02年04月26日14点55分 侦探学是一门,或者说将来一定会成为一门严密精确的科学.而且必须要冷静的不带个人感情的对待 It is impossible as I state it, and therefore I must in some respect have stated it wrong. (?) 当你排除了所有其他不可能的情况,那么剩下的(不过看上去多么不可思议)必将是事实 你也许没意识到对一个专家来说,从字迹来准确地判断一个人的年龄是多么重要.在通常可能的情况下,是能够将一个人的年龄确定在10岁的范围之内(就是说写字的人是三十多啦,或者四十多啦那样子 :)) 没有什么能比一个每样东西都向你发出挑战的案子更让人感到兴奋刺激的了 所有的东西都是显而易见的,尽管在普通人的眼里无论如何也观察不到. 你要记住华生,当我们接触一个案子时,完全没有成见的头脑是非常有益的.不要凭空臆造任何猜想.我们来到这里只是来观察,搜集事实,然后基于此建立我们的推论 你是知道我的方法的,华生.那就是从我所观察到的琐碎的细节上建立推论 在未得到事实以前妄加猜测是严重的错误!愚者总是用事实去套用他自己已有成见的猜想,而不是根据事实作为基础来建立合理的推论 我和你说过多少次了,华生?当你排除了所有不可能的,不管剩下的是多么不可思议,那必将为事实 没有明确目的的犯罪通常是最难解的...(hehe,好象符合我的变态杀人最难说 :k) 当你排除了所有不可能的,不管剩下的是多么不可思议,那必将为事实(第三遍了...看来这句话真的很有名...) 当我们建立的一系列推理被证明失败时,就要回到原来的起点重新开始.用这样的方法排除以后,最后剩下的,不过多么不可思议,必将是事实(4th...//sweat~~) 在解决这类问题时,回溯法是十分有用的.这是一个非常有用而且挺容易的能力,然而在现实中人们却很少用到它.在实际生活的各种事情中,人们用到更多的是向前推导,以至其他能力就被忽略了.如果说50个人能够用普通的推理,那能够运用回溯的不过只有1人.听上去这很不可思议,而对于其他不可思议的事同样如此 在未得到事实以前主观臆断di建立推测是很严重的错误 我希望任何关于本案的评述里不要提及我的名字,我只对解开给我带来困难和迷惑的犯罪感兴趣. 你有没有试过用渔叉去刺人的躯干?没有?试一下试一下,我亲爱的警官!对这些细节你确实该多多注意! 犯罪调查的第一法则就是尝试从各种可能的角度试图解释,然后尝试是否能证明它 这是我的观点.你是知道我的方法的.(Here is my lens. You know my methods. 感觉不太对) 恰恰相反,华生,你其实已经都看到了.然而你的失败之处在于没有根据你看到的东西推导出些什么.你太怯于尝试自己推理来推导结果了 情景的证据通常是很迷惑人的.乍一看,它似乎很明显地指向一个事实,但当你稍稍转一个视角,也许会发现它指向一个完全不同的方向 没有什么比一个显而易见的事实更容易迷惑人的了 再没有什么器官比人耳那么独特,多变的了 平凡的生活最能带来意料之外的东西 我通过长期总结出来的一条定理就是,越是琐碎的小事越能表明重要的问题 别对第一印象过分相信,我的朋友,而应该注意细节!我通常第一眼会看一位女士的袖子.而对男士,也许该先看他裤子的膝盖部位. 犯罪是普遍的常见的,而好的逻辑推理是难得的.因此当你思考的时候更该从逻辑的合理性着手 广大的没有特别锻炼过观察力的大众,那些不能从一个人的牙齿分辨其是否是编织工或者通过左手拇指辨别出那个人是否是排字工的人,能对分析和推理关介多少呢 华生,你该记着,看人先看手,然后是袖子,裤子的膝盖,和靴子 当你,我亲爱的朋友,华生,在满怀同情但却无甚效率的展开对我的死亡的调查时,我正在悬崖上挣扎.最后,当你满怀遗憾的得出我死亡的结论然后离开了旅馆,而我则独自留在了那里 没有比一副眼镜更能让人推导出主人的各种特征了,尤其象这么一副特别的眼镜 我们比较各种可能性,然后先考虑其中最有可能的.这就是对想象的科学而合理的运用 调查现场得到的证据有时侯会十分明确的指引性,用Thoreau的话说,就好象在牛奶里发现了鳟鱼 越是稀奇古怪的东西往往包含了越少的神秘成分.而平凡的,没有特征的犯罪才是真正迷惑人的,就象一张平凡的脸往往是难于辨认的一样. 我想事实就是在你的任务中尽管你错过了几乎所有重要的东西,但对于接踵而至的各种时间还是提出了你自己认真的想法 侦探学艺术中最重要的一项就是从各种事实中分辨出哪些是偶然的,而那些是能起决定性因素的.不然,你的精力和注意力将会被分散. 我从不假设有例外.假设例外会破坏推理的原则 一个实实在在能够确立的推论能够明确导出其他的推论 将奇异的事和神秘混淆起来是个错误.越平凡的犯罪通常越神秘难解,因为它提供了极少可以供推理的特别的特征. 当一个事实和之前一长串的推理相悖,那必然可以找到另一种可以解释这一切的说明. 寻人启示栏里有许多奇异无解的暗码讯息,这些原始简单的小东西却能让我的头脑不知疲倦地飞转而感到满足 通过一个人的指尖,他的衣袖,靴子,裤膝,食指和拇指间的老茧,他的言谈,他衬衣的袖口,通过这其中每一项都可以展露一个人某些特质.不将其中的过程表明而直接将综合一起的结论说出来,听上去确实非常不可思议. 没有什么能比得上第一手的证据 没有哪个侦探学的分支科学比脚印追踪术更重要却更让人忽视的了 推理的才能确实有传染的因素 所有已知的事实都要比不明确的猜测怀疑要来的强 我从不猜测.这是个毁灭性的坏习惯--它将破坏你的逻辑思考能力 你在看,但你不是在观察 Finally, we said good bye...... ※来源: 【 推理之门 Tuili.Com 】.

holmos（大力） 3 楼： Re:Re:福尔摩斯语录（英文）：6... 02年04月26日15点46分 【hoon在大作中谈到:】 ＞It is impossible as I state it, and therefore I must in some respect have stated it wrong. (?) 既然我刚才的假设是完全不可能的，那么我想我的推论一定在某个地方出了问题。 (不知道翻译得是否准确) 没有完美的犯罪...... ※来源: 【 推理之门 Tuili.Com 】.

hoon（CAH） 4 楼： Re:Re:Re:福尔摩斯语录（英文... 02年04月26日16点39分 en~翻得挺贴切的 :) 到底是holmos... hehe 【holmos在大作中谈到:】 ＞ ＞【hoon在大作中谈到:】 ＞＞It is impossible as I state it, and therefore I must in some respect have stated it wrong. (?) ＞ ＞既然我刚才的假设是完全不可能的，那么我想我的推论一定在某个地方出了问题。 ＞ ＞(不知道翻译得是否准确) ＞ Finally, we said good bye...... ※来源: 【 推理之门 Tuili.Com 】.

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